| Resumo: | : In recent decades, female alcoholism has attracted the attention of medical and health authorities in Brazilian society. In this context, the presence of Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) stands out, within which some women find the possibility of treating alcoholism. Objective: To analyze female alcoholism in an emic way, that is, from the meanings of alcohol use and alcoholism of women who participate in a female AA meeting. Methods: An ethnographic research was carried out, with participant observation, of the meeting female AA in a group of AA, located in the North Zone of the City of São Paulo, Brazil. Results: Data analysis revealed that the meanings about alcohol use and alcoholism trigger an accusation system, which involves gender relations typical of the socio-cultural universe in which women are inserted. Conclusion: Female alcoholism is a “gender disease”, linked to asymmetrical relationships between men and women in relation to the use of alcoholic beverages in Brazilian society, so that the AA women's meeting constitutes a “positive distinction” for women can exchange their experiences and thus carry out their treatment of alcoholism.
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