Secretory IgA and T Cells Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Are Transferred to the Breastmilk Upon mRNA Vaccination
In view of the scarcity of data to guide decision making, we evaluated how BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines affect the immune response in lactating women and the protective profile of breastmilk. Compared with controls, lactating women had a higher frequency of circulating RBD memory B cells and high...
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| Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | article |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Publicado em: |
2022
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| Assuntos: | |
| Texto completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.17/3960 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Oai: | oai:repositorio.chlc.min-saude.pt:10400.17/3960 |
| Resumo: | In view of the scarcity of data to guide decision making, we evaluated how BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines affect the immune response in lactating women and the protective profile of breastmilk. Compared with controls, lactating women had a higher frequency of circulating RBD memory B cells and higher anti-RBD antibody titers but similar neutralizing capacity. We show that upon vaccination, immune transfer to breastmilk occurs through a combination of anti-spike secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies and spike-reactive T cells. Although we found that the concentration of anti-spike IgA in breastmilk might not be sufficient to directly neutralize SARS-CoV-2, our data suggest that cumulative transfer of IgA might provide the infant with effective neutralization capacity. Our findings put forward the possibility that breastmilk might convey both immediate (through anti-spike SIgA) and long-lived (via spike-reactive T cells) immune protection to the infant. Further studies are needed to address this possibility and to determine the functional profile of spike T cells. |
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