| Resumo: | With the proliferation of new techniques for improving internal logistics, much of the operational costs of organisations are inherent to the transport of products and collaboration in the area of transport is increasingly considered a cost-effective approach to minimising the costs involved. The advantages of collaborative logistics chains include greater environmental and economic sustainability and also social benefits. The objective of this study is to understand how collaboration in the transport operations of a set of entities belonging to the same Supply Chain (in this case, a Retailer, a logistics operator and a set of Suppliers) can be carried out. In order to achieve the objective, a Mathematical Model was developed that compares two different scenarios: one associated to the Vehicle Routing Problem (scenario without collaboration) and the other linked to the Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (scenario with collaboration). After the study of the two scenarios it is determined whether the collaboration makes sense or not. We tried to study different types of customer distribution and several sensitivity analyses were developed to understand which parameters have more impact in promoting collaboration. In addition, different benefit-sharing mechanisms derived from the collaboration were also studied, as the collaboration will only take place if it is stable (all entities have profits). This work intends to be a contribution to the implementation of new approaches to collaborative transport in the supply chains, aiming to raise awareness of the importance of economic and environmental sustainability in the logistics area.
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