| Resumo: | [Excerpt] By the end of the World War II, several researchers, such as René Spitz (1945, 1946) or William Goldfarb (1945), started calling attention to the developmental risk of growing up in adverse environments and separated from the parental figures. On this subject, quite relevant and informative was the work carried out by John Bowlby (1944, 1951, 1953), the father of Attachment Theory, involving the deleterious effects of extreme deprivation, including of institutional care, on child development. It was at the London Child Guidance Clinic that the author began to demonstrate the negative impact of maternal disruption and separation. More specifically, Bowlby (1944), when studying a group of 44 juvenile thieves exhibiting clinical levels of affectionless behavior, found that the majority of those teenagers had something in common: they had been separated from their mothers before the age of 5 years and for long periods of time. Following these findings, Bowlby hypothesized that the early disruption of the bond between the child and the maternal figure could be linked to the emergence of mental health problems in young people, possibly causing permanent emotional damage. [...]
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